Summer 2016 Subtle stem swellings on bee balm, Monarda fistulosa, at McCarthy Lake WMA in Minnesota...is that a gall? The one I tear into shows no clear sign of insect involvement.

December 2016 Similar swellings on M. fistulosa, this time on a tiny remnant in IA. That's gotta be a gall! I collect several; the first (and so far only) one I tear into has an elongated bright orange-red larva inside:



Same day, same location, same plants, 2 of these terminal galls that I assume are the same thing (but who knows):



From what I saw, these galls were not low on the main stem of the plant; rather, they were up near the seedheads, on the smaller, thinner stems that branch from the main stem near the top of the plant.