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BugGuide Gathering
Smoky Mountains
University of Tennessee Biological Field Station
August 8-10, 2008
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Help with outdated synonyms

In my research I'm constantly running into old Latin names that require considerable sleuthing to figure out what species is being referred to. Sometimes I get lucky and find it using a search on ITIS or ZipcodeZoo, or by scanning through the right family in Nearctica; other times I can figure it out eventually with a Google search. Sometimes, though, especially in 19th century literature, I come across names that I just can't place. Just now, for instance, I came across a mention of Gramatophora trisignata, which at least in 1876 was a noctuid, but I have no clue what it's called now.

So I'm looking for advice on other databases and references to try for translations of these outdated synonyms. I'm studying North American insects, spiders, and other invertebrates, so sources for any and all taxa would be helpful.

Then, of course, there is the issue of what is the current "correct" name, but I can do that fine-tuning later...

Thanks for any thoughts!

North American Lepidoptera
checklist with synonymies is at All-Leps. Searching for trisignata using the Search box on the left gives one result (Harrisimemna), but searching for Gramatophora gives nothing.

Nomina Insecta Nearctica
contains an alphabetical index of most synonyms of most insect species in the Nearctic. That reference is described briefly at Nomina Insecta Nearctica. However, for my area of interest, the Carabidae, I first turn to the more reliable sources Catalogue of the Geadephaga of America North of Mexico by Bousquet & Larochelle (1993), or the ground beetle world catalogue Nomina Carabidarum by Lorenz (2005).

Global Butterfly Names
I found this page. Down near the bottom there is a link to LepIndex. Plugging 'trisignata' into 'Taxon name:' results in a list of 11 names. One has a card image with a genus name that comes close.

Searching for "global names" along with the group you are looking for might pop other things up.

 
Thanks!
You've solved that particular mystery. This image is a good match for the illustration that accompanied mention of the species in question.

 
Look for catalogs
In the taxonomic context, those are lists of scientific names that have been used for the group covered, and references to the names in the taxonomic literature. A good example is the World Spider Catalog.

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