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Photo#225229
Aphid Midge larvae - Aphidoletes aphidimyza

Aphid Midge larvae - Aphidoletes aphidimyza
Camden County, New Jersey, USA
September 13, 2008
Size: Approx 2mm
Aphid Midge larvae with ants and aphids.

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Aphid Midge larvae - Aphidoletes aphidimyza Aphid Midge larvae - Aphidoletes aphidimyza

Not one I recognize
but check out syrphid larvae - there are many spp. that are aphid predators.

 
Another possibility
A comment here alludes to cecidomyiid midge larvae that are orange and predaceous. Don't know if they eat aphids, or anything else about them for that matter, but that's something to look into.

 
absolutely Cecidomyiidae
Aphidoletes aphidimyza is a very common predator of aphids and is often mistaken for Syrphidae larvae, though it is much smaller and bright orange.

 
Should this be moved to genus level?
How do you know it's this species rather than one of the other three Aphidoletes spp., which are also predators of aphids?

 
How does it avoid being
trashed by the ants?

 
...
I believe they can mimic the pheromones (smell) produced by the aphids, which the ants and aphids use to identify each other.

 
Thanks everyone
It does appear to me to be Aphidoletes aphidimyza.