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Photo#239610
Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris

Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris
In open desert scrub, NW of I-15 and Main St, Hesperia, San Bernadino County, California, USA
May 3, 2008
When I first saw this concentration of syrphids from a distance, I was intrigued by their numbers and stealthily approached so as not to scare them off. However, when I drew within close range without any response, I knew something was amiss. I discovered they were all dead and firmly attached the plant. As I proceeded to investigate, I noticed hundreds of them in the top-most twigs of this shrub (Tetradymia axillaris var. longispina in the Asteraceae) and in neighboring shrubs of the same species. Viewing them with a hand-lens, it looked as if they had succumbed to a fungus. Later I read about flies falling prey to entomophagous fungi, which is what I presume occurred here. The fungus seems to have managed, through natural selection, to somehow compel its perishing victims to seek out and cling to high, exposed twigs, which presumably aids in dispersal of the spores.

My best guess at the syrphid genus here is Eupeodes (perhaps E. volucris?).

Images of this individual: tag all
Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris - male Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris - male Fungus stricken Syrphids - Eupeodes volucris - male

Moved
Moved from Syrphid Flies.

 
Many Thanks Martin...as Always
Glad to see these ID'ed to species. Ron H. had speculated they were Eupeodes...but things hadn't gotten beyond that.

I've been swamped with work lately, with precious little time to go out in the field or work on my photo backlog. But I have a vague idea that you're back in our neck of the woods...and I do hope that someday I'll get to bump into you in the field :-)

 
Would be nice to meet up in t
Would be nice to meet up in the field, because I have also so much work, I do not get in the field much - so maybe we should just take a day and go in the field...
Eupeodes is a very difficult genus and there are even some (very rare) undescribed species, but this one here is easy because the males have these very long genitalia, and there is only one species which looks like this...

 
That clarifies things...
...I was wondering whether those may have been genitalia protruding from the tip of the abdomen (e.g. in the last image of the series). I rarely collect, and have never dissected for such things as some technical keys require.

I'll have some free time come winter break (and later during Spring break). Maybe we can take a day then :-) Let's keep in touch.

Moved
Moved from Unidentified Fungus-ridden Flies. I'm moving the images of identified flies to their proper places, since they are all collected here. This is an amazing shot!

Wow
Great series and great find. How bizarre.

 
Remarkable
I have never seen such large numbers of flies in a small spot succumb to fungus infection. Apparently Calyptratae seem to be most prone to this kind of disease, which makes this observation even more interesting. So far there is only one image of a fungus-ridden syrphid on BG. Thank you for posting this.

 
Two more instance of multiple syrphid fungal infection
Just ran into some links from England with many excellent photographs showing two cohorts of syrphids that succumbed to fungal infection on grass stalks. There are even microphotographs of conidia of the Entomophthora fungus!

The images here show >20 syrphids on a stalk of grass identified as Molinia. The web page authors speculate that the syrphids were "probably attracted to honeydew from the Sphacelia stage of Claviceps purpurea". Claviceps purpurea is a fungus infecting cereal grasses, and the source of the disease Ergotism in humans & other mammals.

The images here show 7 syrphids on a stalk of grass identified as False Oat Grass.

 
Jeff and Matthias
It truly was a bizarre find for me. I've been a wild-lands hiker/explorer and nature enthusiast most my life, but have only recently become seriously attentive to insects and learning more about them (e.g. in last two years). During that time I can only recall finding a single fungus-stricken fly. [Which by the way was also a syrphid, but I may be running into syphids (Aschiza) more than Calyptratae because I'm usually studying flowering plants.]

There are ~50 fungus-stricken syrphids in the collage posted here... and that's just from two terminal branches of that particular Tetradymia bush. Tetradymia are very densely branched shrubs, and I'd say there were at least 4 more terminal branches covered like these, probably more. Add the few nearby shrubs I saw similarly afflicted and I'd estimate a lower bound of 450 for the syrphid losses in that incident, perhaps much larger.

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