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Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) » Hexapods (Hexapoda) » Insects (Insecta) » Butterflies and Moths (Lepidoptera) » Owlet Moths and kin (Noctuoidea) » Owlet Moths (Noctuidae) » Cutworm or Dart Moths (Noctuinae) » Apameini » Borer Moths (Papaipema) » Meadow-Rue Borer - Hodges#9509 (Papaipema unimoda)

Species Papaipema unimoda - Meadow-Rue Borer - Hodges#9509

Classification · Hodges Number · Synonyms and other taxonomic changes · Numbers · Size · Identification · Range · Season · Food · Life Cycle · Remarks · Print References · Internet References · Works Cited

Meadow-Rue Borer - Hodges#9509 - Papaipema unimoda

Noctuidae: Papaipema unimoda? - Papaipema unimoda

Show images of: caterpillars · adults · both

Classification

Kingdom Animalia (Animals)

Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)

Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)

Class Insecta (Insects)

Order Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)

Superfamily Noctuoidea (Owlet Moths and kin)

Family Noctuidae (Owlet Moths)

Subfamily Noctuinae (Cutworm or Dart Moths)

Tribe Apameini

Genus Papaipema (Borer Moths)

Species unimoda (Meadow-Rue Borer - Hodges#9509)

Hodges Number

9509

Synonyms and other taxonomic changes

Papaipema unimoda (Smith, 1894)

Hydroecia unimoda Smith, 1894

Synonyms

Hydroecia frigida Smith, 1899

Gortyna thalictri Lyman, 1905

Papaipema frigida Hampson, 1910

P. terminalis Strand, 1916

P. perobsoleta (Lyman, 1905)

P. imperspicua Bird, 1908

Phylogenetic sequence # 932465(1)

Numbers

Lafontaine & Schmidt (2010) listed 47 species of the genus Papaipema in America north of Mexico. (1)

Size

The wingspan ranges from 30-40 mm.

Smith (1894) reported the wingspan 36-39 mm.

Identification

genitalia

Range

Alberta to Colorado east to New Brunswick and North Carolina. (2), (3), (4), (5)

Holotype ♂ from Durango, Colorado by J.B. Smith.

Season

The flight period appears to be June to October peaking in September.

Food

The larvae bore in roots and stems of meadow-rue (Thalictrum spp.), coneflower (Rudbeckia spp.), carrion-flower, Jacob's ladder.

Life Cycle

One generation per year.

Life cycle images:

larva; spent pupa; adult

Remarks

Beadle & Leckie (2012) reported the species is uncommon. (6)

Print References

Hampson, G.F. 1910. Noctuidae. Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum 9: 81.

Smith, J.B. 1894. Descriptions of new genera and species of Noctuidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 21: 73; plate 1, row 2, fig. 6.

Internet References

Moth Photographers Group (2)

pinned adult image (CBIF)

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) (7)

pinned adult image (John Glaser, Maryland)

common name reference and distribution (NatureServe Explorer)

distribution in western Canada - list of provinces (CBIF)

Butterflies and Moths of North America (BAMONA) (8)

Works Cited

1.	Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico. Donald J. Lafontaine, B. Christian Schmidt. 2010. ZooKeys 40: 1–239 .

2.	North American Moth Photographers Group

3.	Owlet Caterpillars of Eastern North America David L. Wagner. 2011. Princeton University Press.

4.	Assessment of species diversity in the Atlantic Maritime Ecozone McAlpine D.F., Smith I.M. (eds.). 2010. Canadian Science Publishing (NRC Research Press). 785 pp.

5.	An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada Gregory R. Pohl, Gary G. Anweiler, B. Christian Schmidt, Norbert G. Kondla. 2010. ZooKeys 38: 1–549.

6.	Peterson Field Guide to Moths of Northeastern North America David Beadle and Seabrooke Leckie. 2012. Houghton Mifflin.

7.	BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data Systems

8.	Butterflies of North America

Contributed by Robin McLeod on 27 September, 2005 - 11:59pm
Additional contributions by Tony-2, Maury Heiman, marcie oconnor
Last updated 15 March, 2018 - 8:43pm

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