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Species Coenonympha tullia - Common Ringlet

California Ringlet, Mating Pair - Coenonympha tullia - male - female Orange Butterfly - Coenonympha tullia Common Ringlet - Coenonympha tullia Common Ringlet - Coenonympha tullia small brown butterfly - Coenonympha tullia Common Ringlet - Coenonympha tullia - Coenonympha tullia MN June - Common Ringlet - Coenonympha tullia Butterfly - Coenonympha tullia
Show images of: caterpillars · adults · both
Classification
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)
Superfamily Papilionoidea (Butterflies (excluding skippers))
Family Nymphalidae (Brushfooted Butterflies)
Subfamily Satyrinae (Nymphs, Satyrs and Arctic Butterflies)
Genus Coenonympha (Ringlets)
Species tullia (Common Ringlet)
Other Common Names
Inornate Ringlet (refers only to subspecies C. t. inornata)
Size
wingspan 27-39 mm
Identification
Highly variable in color and number of eye-spots, between and within subspecies and even local populations; the most widespread subspecies (C. t. inornata) varies from light buff to orange-brown to greyish-brown above, with hindwings and outer half of forewings often darker than basal part of forewings. Usually there are no upperside markings, just occasionally a single faint ring near the forewing apex. On the underside, basal half of forewing is same color as upperside, and basal half of hindwing is dark gray. Outer half of both wings is light gray, and both wings are divided by an irregular pale band. About 60 per cent of specimens have a distinct pale-bordered black spot with a silver pupil near the forewing apex. (adapted from description at CBIF; see source for description and range of subspecies in Canada)
Range
Holarctic; in North America, absent from Nova Scotia, Mississippi drainage basin, midsouthern and southeastern United States, but present everywhere else, including Alaska and the Canadian arctic
Habitat
wide variety of grassy habitats, including roadsides, woodland edges and clearings, prairies, bogs, and arctic and alpine taiga and tundra
Season
adults fly from May to July in the north, May to September at mid-latitudes, March to October in the south
Food
larvae feed on many species of grasses
Life Cycle
one generation per year in the north; two generations per year at mid-latitudes and in the south; overwinters as a third or fourth instar larva in thick mats of dead grass
Remarks
Up to 20 subspecies are recognized in North America, and more, including the nominate C. tullia tullia, in Eurasia. The most widespread subspecies in eastern North America is C. t. inornata, often called Inornate Ringlet.
Internet References
pinned adult images plus description, biology, distribution, etc. (Butterflies of Canada; CBIF)
pinned adult images plus description, biology, and US distribution map. (Butterflies & Skippers of North America; nearctica.com)
live adult images and other info (Massachusetts Butterfly Club)
Butterflies and Moths of North America species account and range map