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Pterygota: sequence of orders

This is not really a proposal, just a note. Looking at the page for winged insects (Pterygota), I noticed that the orders were listed in no particular sequence. (Beetles were first, mayflies way down the list, etc.) I re-ordered them following the sequence in Arnett, American Insects (1). The only issue was Raphidioptera - Snakeflies, listed in their own order in BugGuide, but as only a family in the neuroptera by Arnett. I simply put the order Raphidioptera following the order Neuroptera. I was amazed how easy it was to re-sequence the orders using Troy's "re-order guides" system in Taxonomy view. This is just a wonderful piece of programming--thanks, Troy, for this and everything!

I also wrote a few sentences on the guide page for Pterygota.

I'm sure there is plenty of scholarly debate about the sequence of orders, but at least now they follow a fairly standard sequence here.

Here is the order now implemented:
Subclass Pterygota - Winged Insects

Order Ephemeroptera - Mayflies
Order Odonata - Dragonflies and Damselflies
Order Plecoptera - Stoneflies
Order Embiidina - Webspinners
Order Phasmatodea - Walkingsticks
Order Orthoptera - Grasshoppers, Katydids and Crickets
Order Dermaptera - Earwigs
Order Dictyoptera - Mantids and Cockroaches
Order Isoptera - Termites
Order Psocoptera - Barklice and Booklice
Order Hemiptera - True Bugs
Order Homoptera - Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies
Order Thysanoptera - Thrips
Order Neuroptera - Antlions, Lacewings and Allies
Order Raphidioptera - Snakeflies
Order Coleoptera - Beetles
Order Hymenoptera - Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies
Order Trichoptera - Caddisflies
Order Lepidoptera - Butterflies and Moths
Order Mecoptera - Scorpionflies, Hangingflies and Allies

Order Diptera - Flies
Order Strepsiptera - Twisted-winged Insects
Order Siphonaptera - Fleas

what's wrong with this page?
on my computer the Clickable Guide with the bug icons (which normally appears on the far left of the page) covers more than two-thirds of this page, and all the text is jammed into a thin strip down the right side.
No other pages appear like this.

 
same for me
It does the same for me. It did that soon after I posted the initial thread, and I've never been able to fix it--edited the text several times and could never see anything wrong. Something is likely corrupt. I guess somebody could start the thread over again, but all the comments would not be there.

 
Page looks fine
on my system!

 
It's fine on ours, too!
It's fine on ours, too!

 
Bug
Computer bug, that is. I found a quirk in the page and John V. fixed it. Should look OK for everyone now.

 
looks good now
Thanks!

That sequence makes my skin crawl...
This sequence suggests that fleas are the most advanced (recently evolved) order of insects. I don't have a copy of Arnett and I don't think I'll be looking for one either. I learned the order of the orders via Borror et al. (1) Hymenoptera, with their social insects, are the most advanced insects. We learned that ants are the most advanced insects of all, not some lowly flea...

PS: Shouldn't it be Embioptera, not Embiidina?

MQ, Austin

Texas Beetle Info
TexasEnto.net/beetles.htm

 
flea bite ...
Fleas are most closely allied to Mecoptera. Their most distinctive feature in common is a weir-like system of broad-based spines framing the entrance to the midgut. Presumably this helps them strain their food. Incidentally, they both feed on blood (vertebrate blood for fleas, insect blood for Mecops), so fleas are just Mecops that went parasitic on larger animals.

Similarly, Strepsiptera are usually considered to be beetles that have become parasites. This is sometimes debated, but no other origin has ever been supported.

 
Embiidina vs Embioptera
Embiidina seems to be the term accepted in most of the recent sources, including Edward Ross's World List. As I understand it, there's no official standard for order names, so neither one is technically incorrect. I would hazard a guess that it's a conflict between the earliest valid name and the one that fits the customary -ptera format.

Pterygota
Patrick-

In the guide under Pterygota, in the Identification section, (Superorder) Neoptera is mentioned, but for some reason (Superorder) Paleoptera is ignored. It would seem logical, at least in the case of Pterygota, for Superorder to appear in the guide's taxonomic structure, and for subordinate orders to be listed in alphabetic order.

For example:

Subclass Pterygota - Winged Insects
    Superorder Neoptera - Modern-winged Insects
        Order Coleoptera - Beetles
        Order Dermaptera - Earwigs
        Order Dictyoptera - Mantids and Cockroaches
        Order Diptera - True Flies
        etc.
    Superorder Paleoptera - Anchient-winged Insects
        Order Ephemoptera - Mayflies
        Order Odonata - Damselflies and Dragonflies

This accomplishes two things. Firstly, it educates about the distinction between winged insects that have evolved to have pleated wings, and those that have not. And secondly, it makes the orders much easier to find on the list. Does this make any sense?

www.FlyfishingEntomology.com

 
Paleoptera
Having two superorders would imply that the Paleopterans all descended from a single line that didn't split until after the Neopterans branched off. Perhaps the Neoptera arose from within the Paleoptera and are as closely related to some of the Paleoptera as either is to the rest of the Paleoptera.

 
Paleoptera/Neoptera
Yes, this is why I just mentioned those two groups--I was not clear that they were thought to be monophyletic lineages.

Also, I was leery of introducing more divisions of winged insects--that would make the guide even harder to browse through.

I feel we should leave things as they are for now, and mention some of these alternative classifications in the guide pages at various levels--there is plenty of room for that.

Patrick Coin
Durham, North Carolina

 
Pterygota
Patrick-

Sorry. Should have read your posting more closely. As I don’t have access to the book, could you explain Arnett’s rationale for the sequence of orders within Pterygota?

www.FlyfishingEntomology.com

 
Arnett's sequence--rationale
I don't know extensive details on that sequence of orders--I think it is fairly standard in the traditional taxonomic sense. The orders that are thought to be more primitive (of ancient lineage) come first, and they tend to have gradual metamorphosis. The presumably more recently evolved orders, having complete metamorphosis, follow. Arnett (1) does talk a little bit about the sequence used, and says he does not go into the more recent type of cladistic (multiple branching) analysis. This is much more the fashion now in taxonomy, and I think that is where the paleoptera/neoptera division is coming from. The problem with cladistics, and I don't want to start a debate here, is that it gets real complex real fast. Cladistic taxonomies can become very labyrinthine--that is my impression. Traditional taxonomies, such as are generally used in BugGuide, are easier to understand for most of us.

Disclaimer: I am not a professional zoologist! My understanding of systematics comes from reading popular works.

Patrick Coin
Durham, North Carolina

 
Pterygota
Patrick-

Thanks. That explanation helps me, and I suspect many others, who may be interested, but just listening.
www.FlyfishingEntomology.com

 
It helps me
I really never understood why the taxonomy was in the order it was or is. Very interesting, thanks for the info. Is there an online reference that shows the traditional order?

 
Traditional order of orders
Insects of Cedar Creek uses the traditional orders.
The Tree of Life web is really good for showing some of the relationships in the new, more cladistic, way.

Patrick Coin
Durham, North Carolina

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