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Genus Eulonchus
Classification Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Diptera (Flies)
No Taxon (Orthorrhapha)
Family Acroceridae (Small-headed Flies)
Genus Eulonchus
Synonyms and other taxonomic changes Smaragdinus species-group revised in (1)Explanation of Names Eulonchus Gerstaecker 1856 Numbers 6 spp., all in our area (2):
halli Schlinger, 1960
marginatus Osten Sacken, 1877
marialiciae Brimley, 1925
sapphirinus Osten Sacken, 1877
smaragdinus Gerstäcker, 1856
[ smaragdinus ssp. pilosus Schlinger, 1960...no longer recognized in Borkent, Gillung, & WInterton (3)(2016)]
tristis Loew, 1872 Identification Proboscis well-developed, at rest held below body and extending to mid-thorax or well beyond, depending on species. Antennae inserted near middle of head, with eyes contiguous both above and below antennae. Range w. NA & Great Smoky Mts (2)Remarks As of late 2016, the long-awaited new revision of the genus is now available:
The treatment includes a detailed key, descriptions, discussion, range maps, info on life history & phylogeny, and more. The work recognizes just 6 species: E. halli , E. marginatus, E. marialiciae, E. sapphirinus, E. smaragdinus, and E. tristis...concluding that the many previously posited undescribed taxa are, instead, manifestations of intraspecific variation within those 6 existing species (especially tristis).
Also of interest to Euloncho-philes, both for historical context and additional information are:
1) The treatment of Eulonchus starting on pg. 32 in Cole(4)(1919)...with key, descriptions, figures, and discussion for the 4 species: marginatus, sapphirinus, smaragdinus, and tristis;2) Brimley's 1925 description of species marialiciae, the only described eastern species (North Carolina). It can be read at this BHL link (see also the 1997 paper here). 3) Schlinger(1960) contains his original descriptions of both E. halli and his (now synonymized) subspecies E. smaragdinus ssp. pilosus. Print References Borkent C.J., Gillung J.P., & Winterton, S.L. (3)(2016)
Borkent C.J., Schlinger E.I. (2008) Flower-visiting and mating behaviour of Eulonchus sapphirinus (Diptera: Acroceridae). Can. Entomol. 140: 250-256. (( Full Text))
Borkent C.J., Schlinger E.I. (2008). Pollen loads and pollen diversity on bodies of Eulonchus tristis (Diptera: Acroceridae): implications for pollination and flower visitation. Can. Entomol. 140: 257-264. ( Full Text)
Cole & Schlinger (5)(1965)
Works Cited | 2. | Manual of Nearctic Diptera Volume 1
Varies for each chapter; edited by J.F. McAlpine, B.V. Petersen, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, D.M. Wood. 1981. Research Branch Agriculture Canada. | |
| 4. | The dipterous family Cyrtidae in North America
Cole F.R. 1919. Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 45: 1-79. | |
| 5. | The Flies of Western North America
Frank R. Cole and Evert I. Schlinger. 1969. University of California Press. | |
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