Order Lepidoptera - Butterflies and Moths

Info and range map for the clouded skipper.

The taxonomic status and biogeography of the North American Raphia species is reviewed using adult morphology, larval host plants, geographic phenotypic variation, and variation of mtDNA COI barcode sequences. Lack of diagnostic morphological differences, combined with relatively low mtDNA barcode divergences and clinal phenotypic variation in key geographic regions indicate that the six previously recognized species of North American Raphia are best interpreted as parapatric subspecies. Raphia frater abrupta Grote, stat. n., R. f. coloradensis Putnam-Cramer, stat. r., R. f. piazzi Hill, stat. n., and R. f. elbea Smith, stat. n., are accordingly revised to subspecies of R. frater Grote. Type locality restrictions are pro- vided for Raphia abrupta and Raphia frater and a neotype is designated for Raphia frater var. coloradensis.

Bill Oehlke's North American Catocala cite:1492899

A technical paper on genome sequencing, probably available only to those at academic institutions; but it discusses the C. cecrops and C. isobeon contrast in depth with reference to another couple of outgroup species from Central America. Supplemental Figure 3 has a variety of wing pictures of the four species.