Numbers
All-Leps lists 296 species in 22 genera in North America.
Insects of Cedar Creek cites "275 North American species".
Identification
Small to minute moths associated with host plants. Top of head rough- to smooth-scaled. Antennae long. FW usually without an accessory cell, HW has a hump along the costal margin near the base in some species. Unique "tripod" stance with the anterior part of the body elevated and the wing tips touching the surface on which the moth is resting.
Life Cycle
Larvae produce a "blotch mine" on leaf and the leaf is often folded, then tied on with silk and then they feed. They usually pupate in their mines.
Remarks
Classification according to
All-Leps:
Family GRACILLARIIDAE
Subfamily Gracellariinae
The following thumbnail images represent unidentified specimens in subfamily Gracellariinae.
Subfamily Lithocolletinae
Subfamily Phyllocnistinae
Internet References
leaf mine and live adult image (Jeremy Tatum, Butterflies and Moths of Southern Vancouver Island)