Identification, Images, & Information
For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin
For the United States & Canada

Apoidea (clade Anthophila) - Bees


A revision of the bees of the genus Melissodes in North and Central America. Part III (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
By W.E. LaBerge
U. Kans. Sci. Bull. 42: 283-663, 1961

Common Native Bees in Gardens of California
By Jaime Pawelek and Jennifer Foltz Sweat
Urban Bee Lab, University of California Berkeley
This is a wonderful little flip book for identifying common bees found in California Gardens and some of their favorite flowers. The pictures are great and the information is concise and very helpful to those of us observing with a camera, and without a science background. Funding for the guide was provided in part by the Hind Foundation, NRCS-USDA, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, and Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund.

Notes on the North and Central American bees of the genus Svastra Holmberg (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
By LaBerge W.E.
J. Kans. Ent. Soc. 31: 266‒273, 1958

Phylogeny, new generic-level classification, and historical biogeography of the Eucera complex (Hymenoptera: Apidae).
By Dorchin A, López-Uribe MM, Praz CJ, Griswold T, Danforth BN.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 119: 81-92., 2018
ScienceDirect

Dorchin A, López-Uribe MM, Praz CJ, Griswold T, Danforth BN. 2018. Phylogeny, new generic-level classification, and historical biogeography of the Eucera complex (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 119: 81-92.

Highlights
•A phylogeny based on 6 genes and morphology is presented for a large complex of eucerine bees.

•A new generic-level classification is proposed for this systematically complex group of pollinators.

•The evolution of morphological traits is analyzed relative to the molecular phylogeny.

A review of the genus Conanthalictus
By Timberlake P.H.
Pan-Pac. Entomol. 37: 145‒160, 1961

A revision of the rophitine genus Protodufourea (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
By Bohart G.E., Griswold T.
J. Kans. Ent. Soc. 69: 177‒184, 1996

Systematics and biology of the bee genus Xeralictus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae, Rophitinae)
By R. R. Snelling and G. I. Stage
Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, No. 451, pp 1-17, 1995

Phylogeny and classification of the parasitic bee tribe Epeolini (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Nomadinae)
By Rightmyer M.G.
Sci. Papers, Nat. Hist. Mus. U. Kans. 33: 1‒55, 2004