Identification, Images, & Information
For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin
For the United States & Canada

Apoidea (clade Anthophila) - Bees


The Pollen-Collecting Bees of the Anthidiini of California (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
By Grigarick, A. A. and L. A. Stange
Bulletin of the California Insect Survey, University of California, 1968
    Full Text

Text of 113 pages, with 41 maps and 227 figures at the end of the paper.

Bumble Bees of the Eastern United States
By Sheila Colla, Leif Richardson, Paul Williams
USDA, 2011

On the identity of the adventive species of Eufriesea Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the ...
By Victor H. Gonzalez, Terry Griswold, Marianna Simões
Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55: 55-102, 2017
Full title: On the identity of the adventive species of Eufriesea Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the coerulescens species group (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Full text (PDF)

UCE phylogenomics, biogeography, and classification of long-horned bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Eucerini)...
By Freitas FV, Branstetter MG, Franceschini-Santos VH, Dorchin A, Wright KW, López-Uribe MM, Griswold T, Silveira FA, Almeida EAB
Insect Syst. Div. 7(4): 1–21, 2023
Full title: UCE phylogenomics, biogeography, and classification of long-horned bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Eucerini), with insights on using specimens with extremely degraded DNA
Full text

Partitioned gene-tree analyses and gene-based topology testing help resolve incongruence in a phylogenomic study...
By Freitas F.V., Branstetter M.G., Griswold T., Almeida E.A.B.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 38: 1090–1100, 2021
Full title: Partitioned gene-tree analyses and gene-based topology testing help resolve incongruence in a phylogenomic study of host-specialist bees (Apidae: Eucerinae)
Full text

The genera of bees of the tribe Eucerini in North and Central America (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
By W. E. LaBerge
American Museum Novitates, No. 1837, 1957

The Carpenter Bees of California
By Paul D. Hurd, Jr.
University of California Press, 1955
A publication of the University of California, in the "California Insect Survey" series. It may be downloaded for free as a PDF (4.9 MB) at this link.

Like many of the publications in this series, it has much useful information, despite being perhaps a bit dated.

Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and revised classification of andrenine bees (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)
By Pisanty G., Richter R., Martin T., Dettman J., Cardinal S.
Mol. Phylog. Evol. 170: 107‒151, 2022