Genus Livia

Classification · Explanation of Names · Numbers · Identification · Range · Food · Life Cycle · Works Cited

St. Andrews leaf gall on juncus dichotomus SA_G186 2021 1.1 - Livia

St. Andrews leaf gall on juncus dichotomus SA_G186 emerged 2021 5 - Livia

Classification

Kingdom Animalia (Animals)

Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)

Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)

Class Insecta (Insects)

Order Hemiptera (True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies)

Suborder Sternorrhyncha (Plant-parasitic Hemipterans)

Superfamily Psylloidea

Family Liviidae

Subfamily Liviinae

Genus Livia

Explanation of Names

Livia Latreille 1802

Numbers

10 spp. in our area(1), 25 spp. total(2)

Identification

Head (including eyes) greatly flattened, not deflexed, vertex longer than broad and usually somewhat rectangular in shape, cleft anteriorly; antennae as long as head width, segment 2 longest and broadest; wings thickened (1). A clear shot of the antennae (showing the relative size of segments and the terminal setae) is often very useful in diagnosing species of this genus.

Range

Holarctic (1)

Food

Hosts: Carex (sedges) and Juncus (rushes) (1)

Life Cycle

Several spp. overwinter as adults, sometimes taking shelter on coniferous trees. Eggs are inserted into the base of growing Carex or Juncus shoots; nymphs feed on developing shoots, forming galls (1).

Works Cited

1.	Sedge and rush-feeding psyllids of the subfamily Liviinae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psylloidea): a review. Hodkinson I. D. & Bird J. 2000. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 128(1): 1-49.

2.	Ouvrard D. (2013) Psyl'list - The World Psylloidea Database

Contributed by tom murray on 19 February, 2007 - 7:52am
Additional contributions by v belov, Chris Mallory
Last updated 13 February, 2016 - 2:29pm

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