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Photo#1102672
Bembidion lacunarium - male

Bembidion lacunarium - Male
GWNF, Falls Hollow Run gorge, Augusta County, Virginia, USA
May 25, 2015
Size: 4.9 mm
Collected by sifting flood debris beside a cold swift stream at approx. 2800ft elevation.

Identified using Bousquet (2010).

Bembidion lacunarium vs texanum issue:
Wisconsin specimens of both Bembidion lacunarium and B. texanum (latter unknown VA, closest KY & TN) have caused me headaches. Lindroth (1963) said B. lacunarium with evident elytral microscupture and wings constantly rudimentary whereas somewhat larger B. texanum devoid of microsculpture and with full wings. Problem is some of my otherwise apparent B. lacunarium have full wings, some with rudimentary wings. What is your experience?

 
Wings...
I checked the B. lacunarium in my collection (I only have three) and they all do appear to have reduced wings. The transverse microsculpture is there also, but a little difficult to see with my setup (30x is the highest I've got).

But: I looked up lacunarium in Larochelle and Lariviere (2003), and under dispersal power they say, "Wing-dimorphic: brachypterous (mostly; incapable of flight) or macropterous (probably capable of flight)."
Their references for the species are Lindroth's manuscript, Erwin's Plummers Island paper, and Will et al's paper on Lake Erie carabids, none of which say anything about adults of the species ever having full wings, so it must be based on their personal observations.

 
Larochelle and Lariviere (2003) -- of course!
I had overlooked that wonderful reference book in my home lab. There it always rests three feet from my head. I will now adjust my working taxonomic key to include yet another instance of wing dimorphism among the ground beetles. Published personal observations will eventually get most things right! Thanks for your swift detective work.

 
It's a great book!
Hard to believe I was disappointed by it initially... it's just not the kind of book that reveals its value at first glance. But on a species-by-species basis, it's a great tool as well as a handy place to scribble in one's own personal observations.

 
further consideration of texanum vs lacunarium
Elytra being longer and more parallel-sided in texanum vs shorter and more oviform in lacunarium should be a good character, although it is somewhat relative. (Other proportional measurements may also be useful, but I have too few specimens to draw any conclusion.)

Also I'm curious if the size range given by Lindroth is reliable, particularly whether B. texanum reaches much below the 5.8 mm threshold.

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