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Tarantula-hawk Wasps and Allies (Pepsini)
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Tarantula-hawk Wasps (Pepsis)
Photo#1137333
Copyright © 2015
Charles Schurch Lewallen
Tarantula Hawk -
Pepsis
Henryetta, Okmulgee County, Oklahoma, USA
September 11, 2015
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Contributed by
Charles Schurch Lewallen
on 11 September, 2015 - 1:47pm
Last updated 4 October, 2015 - 1:17pm
Moved
Moved from
Pepsini
.
Repeatedly zooming-in on the image using my browser, I can see that the marginal cell is apically rounded with its tip slightly separated from the wing margin...which is diagnostic of
Pepsis
alone among the genera of subfamily Pepsinae.
If this were a female, then the
very shallow angle
between the marginal cell and the costal edge; together with the narrow dark exterior marginal bands reaching all the way to the wing tip (i.e. without a hyaline patch at the very tip) would indicate
P. chrysothemis
in the keys in Vardy
(
1
)
. (Note that Oklahoma appears to be a bit outside the range given for
P. chrysothemis
in the map on pg. 311 of Hurd
(
2
)
...though it does occur in e. TX).
But the mildly arching (as opposed to tightly curling) antennae suggest a male here. And although females
can
straighten their antennae when they wish...I believe this is indeed a male (zooming way in on the image, I'm fairly confident I could discern 11 flagellomeres => male).
The keys for male
Pepsis
in Vardy
(
1
)
and Hurd
(
2
)
focus primarily on the subgenital plate, and thus are of little help here. Also there are other species having males with similar wing coloration to that seen here, so I can't get this to species at this point.
…
Aaron Schusteff
, 4 October, 2015 - 1:17pm
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Pepsis
Thank You, Aaron.
…
Charles Schurch Lewallen
, 4 October, 2015 - 5:21pm
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[A disclaimer] + Further thoughts, and a much better putative ID
[Charles...a prefatory disclaimer here. Please don't feel obliged to read and/or respond to my notes here if you happen to be one of the many folks who are
not
especially into the technical details of taxonomy. I write comments like these under interesting posts for the relatively few who are keenly interested and curious about the technical details and nuances of species ID. I do so in order to summarize and share what I've learned in my own study efforts. My intention is to help others who may be "interested in all the details" to learn...and
not
to torture those who may not be! So, read on only if you enjoy such things :-]
In my earlier comment above, I speculated the wasp in this post might be
P. chrysothemis
...since "if this were a female" the wing coloration (especially the details of the dark border) would be a fairly good match for that species. I made that statement, even though I could see this is
not
a female, but a male. My point was that in many (but
not all!!
) cases, the wing coloration details in
Pepsis
are pretty much the same for females and males. That general idea is supported by the following quote from pg. 276 of Hurd
(
1
)
(1952):
"Perhaps the most diagnostic color characteristics of the wings are the nature, extent, and placement of the exterior marginal and submarginal dark bands. [...] In general, there is little if any lack of correspondence between the sexes in the extent or placement of these bands."
The problem with my application of this principle above is that...as it turns out...
P. chrysothemis
is the main exception to the rule! The above quote from Hurd
(
1
)
(1952) continues as follows:
"However, in the xanthochromatic species
chrysothemis
, there is an important sexual difference in this respect. The forewings of the male are, at the extreme apex, very distinctly though narrowly whitish hyaline, while the apices of the female wings are uniformly dark and indistinguishable from the coloration of the exterior marginal dark band."
So, since this is a male (since I can confidently ascertain 11 flagellomeres when zooming in, and also the antennae are relatively straight); and since there are
no hyaline tips
on the wings, the above quote rules out
P. chrysothemis
in this instance.
Revisiting the possibilities, my (revised) best hypotheses on the species here are either:
P. mildei
(as you perhaps intially believed when you posted it?); or
P. angustimarginata
...the latter now being synonymized under the name
P. basifusca
per Vardy
(
2
)
, "Part 3", pg 141.
I invite the curious reader to scrutinize the detailed descriptions of these two species on pp. 288-293 of Hurd
(
1
)
(1952). They both fit the characters visible in this photo (including a prominent mesopleural tubercle) better than any of the others...provided one notes that Hurd mentions some
P. mildei
have the entire antennae black! Note also that the Henryetta, OK location here is nicely within the range of
P. mildei
, and there all also records not too far off in Kansas and Arkansas for
P. angustimarginata
(see the range maps on pp. 290 & 292).
I think the above two are the best candidates for species here, after reading and rereading the detailed descriptions in Hurd(1952) of all 14 of the current US species of
Pepsis
, and getting a basic feel for the particulars of wing coloration (especially patterns of marginal, submarginal, and humeral dark bands for the orange-winged species); of antenna color; of prominence (or lack thereof) of the mesopleural tubercle; of geographic distributions; and various other characters that can (with luck) be discerned in photos.
…
Aaron Schusteff
, 7 October, 2015 - 12:36am
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Tarantula Hawk
Aaron;
Thank You I really appreciate Your comments even though some are way above my pay grade.
…
Charles Schurch Lewallen
, 7 October, 2015 - 2:06pm
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Moved
Moved from
Pepsis mildei
.
…
Charles Schurch Lewallen
, 11 September, 2015 - 1:49pm
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