Identification, Images, & Information
For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin
For the United States & Canada

Species Gossyparia spuria - European Elm Scale


Potential invasive species of scale insects for the USA and Caribbean Basin
By Evans G.A., Dooley J.W.
In: Potential invasive pests of agricultural crops. Peña J.E., ed. CABI International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 320-341, 2013

Scale insects of Northeastern North America. Identification, biology, and distribution.
By Michael Kosztarab
Virginia Museum of Natural History, 1996
« Designed to help users of all types with the identification task, this book contains a complete series of keys to guide the user from the correct family to the specific genus and species. Over 340 in-depth descriptions of families, genera, and species are included. Most species descriptions are accompanied by full-page line drawings. Color photographs of 32 common pest species supplement 263 large-scale drawings. »

Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)
By Gullan P.J., Cook L.G.
Zootaxa 1668: 413–425, 2007

The Scale Insects of California. Parts 1-3.
By Raymond J. Gill
Sacramento, Calif. : Analysis and Identification Branch, Division of Plant Industry, California Dept. of Food and Agriculture, 1988
The three parts (separate publications) are:

The scale insects of California. Part 1, The soft scales (Homoptera:Coccoidea:Coccidae). 1988.

The scale insects of California. Part 2: The minor families (Homoptera:Coccoidea) : Margarodidae, Ortheziidae, Kermesidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae, Kerriidae, Dactylopiidae, Eriococcidae, and Phoenicococcidae. 1993.

The scale insects of California. Part 3: The armored scales (Homoptera:Coccoidea:Diaspididae). 1997.

Recent adventive scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and whiteflies (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) in Florida and the Caribbean region
By Stocks I.
In: Potential invasive pests of agricultural crops. Peña J.E., ed. CABI International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 342-362, 2013

List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River
By Uhler, P.R.
Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1(5): 269-361., 1876
Full Text - BHL

Uhler, P.R. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the Region West of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden Exploration of 1873. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1(5): 269-361.

Catalogue of the Hemiptera of American north of Mexico: excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae.
By Van Duzee, E.P.
University of California Press, Berkeley. xiv + 902 pp., 1917
Full Text - BHL

Van Duzee, E.P. (1917) Catalogue of the Hemiptera of American north of Mexico: excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae. Vol. 2. University of California Press, Berkeley. xiv + 902 pp.

Analecta Miridologica: Miscellaneous observations in some American museums and bibliography.
By Carvalho, J. C. M.
Revista Chilena de Entomologia 4: 221-227., 1955
Download - American Museum of Natural History

Carvalho, J. C. M. (1955) Analecta Miridologica: Miscellaneous observations in some American museums and bibliography. Revista Chilena de Entomologia 4: 221-227.

During his work in the United States National Museum and other American Institutions the author had the opportunity to study types of some species and bibliography related to others which must receive corrections. This paper deals with a portion of these corrections related to the fauna of the Western Hemisphere as well