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Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) » Hexapods (Hexapoda) » Insects (Insecta) » Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies (Hymenoptera) » "Parasitica" - Parasitoid Wasps » Braconid and Ichneumonid Wasps (Ichneumonoidea) » Ichneumonid Wasps (Ichneumonidae) » Xoridinae

Subfamily Xoridinae

Classification · Explanation of Names · Numbers · Size · Identification · Range · Habitat · Food · Print References · Internet References · Works Cited

Minnesota Hexapod - Xorides stigmapterus - male

Classification

Kingdom Animalia (Animals)

Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)

Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)

Class Insecta (Insects)

Order Hymenoptera (Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies)

No Taxon ("Parasitica" - Parasitoid Wasps)

Superfamily Ichneumonoidea (Braconid and Ichneumonid Wasps)

Family Ichneumonidae (Ichneumonid Wasps)

Subfamily Xoridinae

Explanation of Names

Author: Shuckard, 1840.

Numbers

Just over 200 spp. in 4 genera worldwide; 50 spp. in 4 genera north of Mexico(1)(2)

*Genus not yet in the guide: Ischnoceros (1 sp., ne. CA)

Size

Fore wing 2.8-25.0 mm(3)

Identification

All Genera:

Areolet absent

Tarsal claws simple

Spiracle of T1 at or anterior to middle

Large robust wasps

Notauli deep

Sternaulus absent (sometimes present but short)

Ovipositor without dorsal subapical notch

Some Genera:

Toothed hind femora

Inflated and twisted fore and mid tibia

Range

Worldwide, but mostly Holarctic(1)

Habitat

Mature forests.

Food

Hosts are larvae (sometimes also pupae or adults) of wood-boring beetles (mostly Cerambycidae) and horntails (Siricidae); some species are at least facultatively hyperparasitic(3); van Noort(4) lists wider host range:

Coleoptera: Anobiidae, Bostrichidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Elateridae, Melandryidae

Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae, Sesiidae

Hymenoptera: Cephidae, Siricidae, Xiphydriidae

Print References

Townes, H. & M. Townes. 1960. Ichneumon-flies of America North of Mexico: 2. Subfamilies Ephialtinae, Xoridinae, Acaenitinae. United States National Museum Bulletin, 216(2): 1-676. (Relevant Section Here)(5)

Internet References

iNaturalist

American Entomological Institute (Key to Genera)(3)

Images at The University of British Columbia

Works Cited

1.	Classification and Systematics of the Ichneumonidae

2.	Carlson R.W. () Ichneumonidae catalog

3.	Genera Ichneumonorum Nearcticae (2014)

4.	van Noort S. (2004-2015) WaspWeb: Wasps, bees and ants of Africa and Madagascar

5.	Ichneumon-Flies of America North of Mexico: 2. Subfamilies Ephialtinae, Xoridinae, and Acaenitinae Henry Townes and Marjorie Townes. 1960. Bulletin - United States National Museum, Vol. 216, Part 2, pp. 1–676.

Contributed by Lynette Elliott on 20 August, 2007 - 9:47am
Additional contributions by Beatriz Moisset, v belov, PaleoJon, Nathaniel Green
Last updated 12 March, 2021 - 9:32pm

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