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Family Tenebrionidae - Darkling Beetles

tiny teneb - Cheirodes californicus Darkling beetle #1 - Eleodes osculans 1127Beetle1 - Stenomorpha Bolitophagus corticola? - Bolitophagus corticola 1011C42 - Blapstinus fortis Triorophus Doyenellus theodorei Statira
Classification
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Coleoptera (Beetles)
Suborder Polyphaga
No Taxon (Series Cucujiformia)
Superfamily Tenebrionoidea
Family Tenebrionidae (Darkling Beetles)
Other Common Names
Larvae are called 'false wireworms'
Synonyms and other taxonomic changes
Alleculidae; Lagriidae
NA fauna catalogued in (1)
Blaptinae reinstated in (2)
Explanation of Names
Tenebrionidae Latreille 1802
Numbers
one of the largest insect families, with ~1200 spp. in ~190 genera of 7 subfamilies in our area and almost 20,000 spp. in ~2300 genera of 9 subfam. total(3)(4)(5); ca. 225 spp. east of the Mississippi River(6) and almost 5 times as many in the West(1) [~450 in CA alone(7)]
Overview of our faunaTaxa not yet in the guide are marked (*)
Family Tenebrionidae
Subfamily LAGRIINAE
Subfamily PHRENAPATINAE
Subfamily PIMELIINAE
Subfamily TENEBRIONINAE
Subfamily BLAPTINAE
Tribe Pedinini • Subtribe Platynotina Asiopus • Subtribe Leichenina Leichenum
Subfamily ALLECULINAE
Subfamily DIAPERINAE
Subfamily STENOCHIINAE
Size
1‒80 mm(3)
Identification
One of the most diverse animal families. Many large species are flightless and have fused elytra. Larvae are cylindrical and hard-bodied.
Range
worldwide and throughout NA, much more diverse in the west
Habitat
found in most terrestrial habitats, e.g. under stones, decaying logs, bark, on bracket fungi, or on the ground. A few species diurnal, found in open. Many are adapted to desert conditions.
Food
decaying plant material of all kind; some feed on fungus, often under bark; some are pests of stored grain and/or insect collections.
Remarks
Many have chemical defenses
Works Cited
1.Catalogue of Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) of North America
Yves Bousquet, Donald B. Thomas, Patrice Bouchard, Aaron D. Smith, Rolf L. Aalbu, M. Andrew Johnston, Warren E. Steiner Jr. 2018. ZooKeys 728: 1-455.
2.Reevaluation of Blapimorpha and Opatrinae: addressing a major phylogeny-classification gap in darkling beetles (Coleoptera: ...)
Kamiński M.J., Lumen R., Kanda K., Iwan D., Johnston M.A., Kergoat G.J., Bouchard P., Bai X.L., Li X.M., Ren G.D., Smith A.D. 2021. Syst. Entomol. 46: 140–156.
3.American Beetles, Volume II: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea
Arnett, R.H., Jr., M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley and J. H. Frank. (eds.). 2002. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
4.Smith A.D. tenebrioniDBase
5.Order Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang Z.-Q. (ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification...
Ślipiński S.A., Leschen R.A.B., Lawrence J.F. 2011. Zootaxa 3148: 203–208.
6.The Darkling Beetles of Florida and Eastern United States
7.The Tenebrionidae of California: a time sensitive snapshot assessment
Aalbu R.L., Smith A.D. 2014. ZooKeys 415: 9-22.
8.Phylogenetic revision of the North American Asidini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Smith A.D. 2013. Systematic Entomology 38: 585–614.