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Family Cerambycidae - Longhorn Beetles

Cortodera falsa? - Cortodera falsa Strangalia famelica famelica - Strangalia famelica - male Callimoxys sanguinicollis? - Callimoxys - male Arrowhead Borer - Xylotrechus sagittatus - female Bug#2 - Megacyllene robiniae beetle070418a - Smodicum cucujiforme Aneflomorpha gilana - female E. subhamata - Etorofus subhamatus
Classification
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Coleoptera (Beetles)
Suborder Polyphaga
No Taxon (Series Cucujiformia)
Superfamily Chrysomeloidea (Longhorn and Leaf Beetles)
Family Cerambycidae (Longhorn Beetles)
Other Common Names
Longhorns, Longicorns, Capricorns, Round-headed Borers, Timber Beetles, Sawyer Beetles
Explanation of Names
Cerambycidae Latreille 1802
Numbers
~1000 spp. in 300+ genera in our area(1), >11,300 spp. in almost 2,000 genera in the Western Hemisphere(2) and >30,000 spp. in >5000 genera worldwide(3)(4)
Overview of our fauna *–taxa not yet in the guide
Family Cerambycidae
Subfamily DISTENIINAE
Tribe Disteniini Elytrimitatrix
Subfamily PARANDRINAE
Tribe Parandrini Parandra · Neandra
Subfamily PRIONINAE
Subfamily LEPTURINAE
Subfamily SPONDYLIDINAE
Subfamily CERAMBYCINAE
Subfamily LAMIINAE
Size
3‒150 mm(3); in our area, 3‒60 mm(5)
Identification
Keys and visual guides:
Suprageneric taxa(6) • World fauna(7)(8) • Nearctic genera(3) • New World spp.(9)
Canada & AK(10) • Eastern US(11) • Western US(12) • Northeastern NA(13)
Colorado(14) • Florida(15) [defunct] • Idaho(16) • Montana(17) • Nebraska(18) • N. Dakota(19)Texas (Quinn 2017)
Range
worldwide (sea level to 4,200 m) • recent range updates on many species in (20)
Food
Larval: most spp. feed within dead/dying/decaying wood, but some can use living tissue. Girdlers (adult Onciderini, larval Methiini, Hesperophanini, Elaphidiini) sever living branches/twigs, with the larvae developing within the nutrient-rich distal portion. The larvae of a few species move freely through the soil, feeding externally upon roots or tunneling up under the root crown. Adult feeding habits variable; some take sap, leaves, blossoms, fruit, bark, and fungi, often unelated to larval hosts; others take little or no food(21); feeding biology summarized here(22)
plant associations for each sp. in our area in (1)
Life Cycle
In temperate regions, typically 1‒3 yrs, but cycles of 2‒3 months to decades have been documented. Most of the lifetime is spent in the larval stage; the adults usually emerge, disperse, reproduce, and die within a few days to months. Cellulose digestion aided primarily by enzymes rather than symbiotic microorganisms. Cerambycidae are often primary borers that start the biorecycling.(21)
Eggs―Larvae―Pupae
See Also
Longhorn lookalikes:
Works Cited
1.Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Col.) of Canada and United States of America, Parts I‒IV
Monné M.A., Nearns E.H. 2023. Available from https://cerambycids.com/catalog/.
2.Checklist of the Oxypeltidae, Vesperidae, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae, (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere. 2020 Edition
Bezark L.G. 2020. 507 pp.
3.American Beetles, Volume II: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea
Arnett, R.H., Jr., M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley and J. H. Frank. (eds.). 2002. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
4.Order Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang Z.-Q. (ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification...
Ślipiński S.A., Leschen R.A.B., Lawrence J.F. 2011. Zootaxa 3148: 203–208.
5.Borror and DeLong's Introduction to the Study of Insects
Norman F. Johnson, Charles A. Triplehorn. 2004. Brooks Cole.
6.Nearns et al. (2012-2013) Longicorn ID: Tool for diagnosing cerambycoid families, subfamilies, and tribes
7.Titan
8.Barševskis A. et al., eds. (2015) Cerambycidae of the World
9.New World Cerambycidae Catalog
10.Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska
Bousquet Y., Laplante S., Hammond H.E.J., Langor D.W. 2017. TBA. 300 pp.
11.Illustrated Key to the Longhorned Woodboring Beetles of the Eastern United States
Steven W. Lingafelter. 2008. Coleopterists Society.
12.LaBonte J.R., Valley S.A., Vlach J., Niwa C. (2013) Screening aid for the Cerambycidae of the western U.S.A. Version 061313
13.Field Guide to Northeastern Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Douglas Yanega. 1996. Illinois Natural History Survey.
14.A survey of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) or longhorned beetles of Colorado
Heffern, DJ. 1998. Fort Collins.
15.Thomas M.C., Hill S., Morris R.F., Nearns G. () The Cerambycidae of Florida
16.The Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of Idaho.
Rice, M.E., F. Merickel and T.C. MacRae. 2017. The Coleopterists Bulletin 71(4): 667-678.
17.A checklist of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Montana with distribution maps
Hart C.J., Cope J.S., Ivie M.A. 2013. Col. Bull. 67: 133-148.
18.The longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) of Nebraska: New state records, a checklist of known species, and distribution maps.
Stephen M. Spomer. 2014. The Coleopterists Bulletin 68(2): 297-315.
19.Cerambycidae of North Dakota
Guy A. Hanley. 2005. Minot State University.
20.The longhorn beetles (Col.: Cerambycidae) of Kentucky with notes on larval hosts, adult nectar use, and semiochemical attraction
Chapman E.G., Richards A.B., Dupuis J.R. . 2022. Zootaxa 5229: 1–89.
21.Checklist of the Oxypeltidae, Vesperidae, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere
Bezark L.G., Monné M.A. 2013. 470 pp.
22.Cerambycidae of the World: biology and pest management
Wang Q., ed. 2017. CRC Press. 628 pp.