Identification, Images, & Information
For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin
For the United States & Canada

Family Lycaenidae - Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks, Harvesters


A Field Guide to the Butterflies of North America, East of the Great Plains
By Alexander B. Klots
Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. xvi + 349 pp., 1951
Published only a few years after the Lepidopterists' Society formed (1947), this field guide contained the first published reports of a number of new U.S. records.

Klots, A.B. 1951. A Field Guide to the Butterflies of North America, East of the Great Plains. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. xvi + 349 pp.

A new subgenus and species of Callophrys (s.l.) from the Southwestern United States (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidea)
By P.R. Ehrlich and H.K. Clench
Entomological News Philadelphia, Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 137-141, 1960

Observations on the life history of Callophrys xami (Lycaenidae)
By J. Benjamin Ziegler & Tarsicio Escalante
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 1964
PDF

A butterfly with olive green eyes discovered in the United States and the Neotropics (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini)
By Robert Robbins, Jeffrey Glassberg
ZooKeys, 2013
Volume 305, pp. 1-20

Complete article available for free on-line here.

Celastrina serotina (Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae): a New Butterfly Species from the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada.
By Pavulaan, H. & D.M. Wright
The Taxonomic Report of The International Lepidoptera Survey. 6(6): 1-19
Pavulaan, Harry & David M. Wright, 2005. Celastrina serotina (Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae): a New Butterfly Species from the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. The Taxonomic Report of The International Lepidoptera Survey. 6(6): 1-19.

Abstract and PDF here.

What Azure blues occur in Canada? A re-assessment of Celastrina Tutt species (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae)
By Schmidt, B. Christian & Ross A. Layberry
ZooKeys 584: 135–164, 2016
Abstract and PDF download at ZooKeys here

Schmidt BC, Layberry RA (2016) What Azure blues occur in Canada? A re-assessment of Celastrina Tutt species (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). ZooKeys 584: 135–164. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.584.7882

A case of sympatric Celastrina ladon (Cramer), Celastrina lucia (W. Kirby) and Celastrina neglecta (Edwards) (Lycaenidae: Polyom
By Pavulaan, Harry
The Taxonomic Report of The International Lepidoptera Survey. 7(7): 1–10., 2014
Pavulaan, H. 2014. A case of sympatric Celastrina ladon (Cramer), Celastrina lucia (W. Kirby) and Celastrina neglecta (Edwards) (Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae) in Northern Virginia, with additional records of C. lucia in Virginia. The Taxonomic Report of The International Lepidoptera Survey. 7(7): 1–10.

Read online here. Abstract and PDF [url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270161538_A_case_of_sympatric_Celastrina_ladon_Cramer_Celastrina_lucia_W_Kirby_and_Celastrina_neglecta_Edwards_Lyca

The Common Names of North American Butterflies
By Miller, J.Y. (editor)
Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. ix + 177 pp., 1992
Jacqueline Y. Miller (editor). 1992. The Common Names of North American Butterflies. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. ix + 177 pp.

Discussion:

White, R.R. 1992. Note. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 46(4): 310-311.