Found as pupa in leaf mine on Rubus ?allegheniensis on 8/29. The mine seemed to be an upper surface linear blotch mine that was entirely free of frass. Multiple other completed mines of this type were found nearby and all seemed to start at or near the midrib and grow towards the leaf margin and/or followed a major vein in the leaf. The pupal chamber is visible in the leaf mine photos as the wrinkled area, where silk was spun inside the mine that caused the epidermis to contract around the cocoon. The pupal exuvia was thrust partially through the upper epidermis when the adult eclosed on 9/5. These mines were super common at this time and in early october.