March 7, 2020: collected 2 small stem galls on undetermined plants in a planted prairie
April 11, 2020: fly emerged from one gall (009-W20), plant must be a Solidago sp.


May 13, 2020: parasitoid wasps emerged from this gall.


Cut the gall open to a dead larva of Bucculatrix simulans with parasitoid emergent holes. Plant must be a sunflower; the most numerous in this prairie planting are Sawtooth sunflowers, Helianthus grosseserratus (So far, this is the only sunflower on which I've found these galls).

May 13, 2020: parasitoid wasps emerged from the other gall. Cut it open to what looked like a dead larva of Bucculatrix simulans

I like it that sometimes knowing the insect, in this case the wasp host, can help determine the plant.