Other Common Names
Mummy Wasps (not to be confused with the
aphid mummy wasps)
Numbers
Over 200 spp. in North America including Mexico:
(1)Identification
cyclostome "mouth." Also see
this image.. As can be seen from these 2 images, the cyclostome mouth is defined by the dorso-ventrally short clypeus and the concave labrum, bordered ventrally by the mandibles.
In some, dorsal carina (ridge) running down the middle of the first metasomal tergite from anterior end, not always complete to posterior end.
Mummification of host remains.
Here and
here are examples of rogadine mummies.
Occipital carina present though not always complete at vertex of head.
Range
Worldwide, wherever foliage-feeding Lepidoptera are found. Shaw, SR 1997.
(2)Life Cycle
Koinobiont endoparasitoid life cycle (See
parasitoid life cycles).
Remarks
Among the cyclostome subfamilies of Braconidae, this, along with the fly parasitoid subfamilies (Alysiinae and Opiinae) seem to be the only endoparasitoids.
By far the most speciose genus in Rogadinae is Aleiodes.
The mummy is the hardened, thickened skin of the last larval stage of the host before death. The rogadine parasitoid undergoes its pupal stage inside the mummy, using it as protective shelter.
Print References
Shaw, S.R. 1997. Subfamily Rogadinae. In Wharton, R.A., P.M. Marsh, and M.J. Sharkey (eds.). 1997. Manual of the New World Genera of the Family Braconidae (Hymenoptera). International Society of Hymenopterists. Washington DC