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Species Catocala connubialis - Connubial Underwing - Hodges#8877
Classification Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)
Superfamily Noctuoidea (Owlet Moths and kin)
Family Erebidae
Subfamily Erebinae
Tribe Catocalini
Genus Catocala (Underwings)
Species connubialis (Connubial Underwing - Hodges#8877)
Synonyms and other taxonomic changes Catocala connubialis Guenée, 1852 (1), (2), (3), (4)
Phalaena amasia Smith, 1797 (suppressed name) (5)
Catocala cordelia Hy. Edwards, 1880 (6), (3), (4)
Catocala sancta Hulst, 1884 (5), (4)
Catocala amasia var. virens French, 1886 ( 162)
Catocala connubialis form pulverulenta Brower, 1940 ( 138)
Catocala connubialis form pulverulenta form "broweri" J. Muller, 1960 ( 177)
Phylogenetic sequence #930858 (7)Explanation of Names Specific epithet from Latin meaning "marriage, wedlock." Numbers Lafontaine & Schmidt (2010) listed 101 species of the genus Catocala in America north of Mexico. (7)
Powell & Opler (2009) reported 110 species in all of North America, and about 230 worldwide. (8)Identification Has several named variants or "forms" whose colors vary considerably; see image links in Internet References section below.
Range Florida to Nova Scotia, west to Ontario, south to Texas. (9)
Lectotype male: "Amerique septentrionale." (10)Season Adults fly from late May to early September. Larvae in May and June. Food Larvae feed on leaves of: (11)
oak, particularly red oak (Quercus rubra).
common buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis)
chinaberry tree (Melia azedarach) Life Cycle One generation per year. Print References Barnes, Wm. & J.H. McDunnough, 1918. Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala. Memoirs of the AMNH 2(1): p. 44; Pl.9, f.21. (3)
Covell, p. 316, plate 33 #17 & 18 (12)
Gall. L.F., 1992. Catocala connubialis Guenée, 1852 (Insecta, Lepidoptera): proposed conservation of the specific name. The Bulletin of zoological nomenclature 49(3): 196. ( conserved)
Guenée A. & J.B. Boisduval, 1852. Vol. 7. Noctuélites, tome 3. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Spécies général des lépidoptères. Roret, Paris, 105. (1)Internet References pinned adult image of form "Broweri" (Harold Vermes, Massachusetts)
pinned adult image of form "Cordelia" (Harold Vermes, Massachusetts)
pinned adult image of form "Pulverulenta" (Harold Vermes, Massachusetts)
pinned adult image or form "Sancta", the typical form (CBIF)
live larva image (David Wagner and Valerie Giles, Caterpillars of Eastern Forests, USGS)
Works Cited | 2. | On the North American species of Catocala.
Augustus Radcliffe Grote. 1872. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 4: 1-20. | |
| 3. | Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala.
William Barnes, James Halliday McDunnough. 1918. Memoirs of the AMNH 2(1). | |
| 5. | The genus Catocala.
George. D. Hulst. 1884. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 7(1): 14-56. | |
| 6. | Notes upon the genus Catocala, with descriptions of new varieties and species.
Henry Edwards. 1880. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 3(7): 53-62. | |
| 8. | Moths of Western North America
Powell and Opler. 2009. UC Press. | |
| 10. | Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). III.
Gall, Lawrence F. & David C. Hawks. 2002. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society. 56(4): 234-264. | |
| 12. | Peterson Field Guides: Eastern Moths
Charles V. Covell. 1984. Houghton Mifflin Company. | |
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