Synonyms and other taxonomic changes
Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, 1967
Choristoneura freemani Razowski, 2008 (unsupported replacement name, Brunet et al. (2017))
Choristoneura biennis Freeman, 1967
Choristoneura occidentalis occidentalis Freeman, 1967
Choristoneura occidentalis biennis Freeman, 1967
Explanation of Names
The Nearctic species, Choristoneura occidentalis, described by Freemen (1967), has become the younger homonym of a species found in South Africa due to a change in the genus of the latter species. Razowski (2008) proposed changing the name of the Nearctic species to Choristoneura freemani. Brunet et al. (2017) disagreed with Razowski and formally overturned the replacement name.
Remarks
Parasitized by the Ichneumon wasp Glypta fumiferanae
Print References
Brunet, B.M., G.S. Blackburn, K. Muirhead, L.M. Lumley, B. Boyle, R.C. Lévesque, M. Cusson, F.A.H. Sperling, 2017. Two's company, three's a crowd: new insights on spruce budworm species boundaries using genotyping-by-sequencing in an integrative species assessment (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Systematic Entomology, 42: 317-328;
DOI: 10.1111/syen.12211.
Freeman, 1967. On coniferophagous species of
Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America: I. Some new forms of
Choristoneura allied to
C. fumiferana.
The Canadian Entomologist 99:
449-455
Razowski, J. 2008. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa. 6: Choristoneura Hübner and Procrica Diakonoff.
Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 77:
245–254.