Range
BugGuide's examples are from Alabama, Florida, and Maryland; similar galls have been found in Massachusetts.
Season
The galls can be found at least from July to September.
Remarks
I have looked for these distinctive galls in Felt
(1) and Weld
(2) several times to no avail. They are found singly or in small clusters along the midrib of oak leaves--live oak or something similar (I don't know my southeastern oaks very well). They appear to be on the upper side of the leaf in both of the examples we have. Southeastern galls are understudied, and these could well be caused by an undescribed species of cynipid. (Note from Charley Eiseman, 12/5/2009)
Added 10/13/2011: The host of the Alabama galls included here has been identified as willow oak (Quecus phellos). Also, Noah Charney and I found some very similar galls on black oak (Q. velutina) and scrub oak (Q. ilicifolia) on Nantucket, MA last month, so this species evidently occurs all along the east coast (although Nantucket does have some weird things that are otherwise only found much farther south) and uses a variety of hosts in the red oak group.