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Subfamily Cecidomyiinae - Gall Midges

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Morphological and Molecular Revision of the Genus Ozirhincus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
By Dorchin, Netta et al.
PLOS One, 2015
Full citation: Dorchin N, Astrin JJ, Bodner L, Harris KM. 2015. Morphological and Molecular Revision of the Genus Ozirhincus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)—Long-Snouted Seed-Feeding Gall Midges on Asteraceae. PLoS ONE 10(7): e0130981. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0130981

Abstract: The Palaearctic gall-midge genus Ozirhincus is unique among the Cecidomyiidae for its morphology and biology. Unlike most other phytophagous gall midges, species in this genus do not induce galls but develop inside achenes of Asteraceae plants. The heads of adults are characterized by an unusually elongate proboscis, the function of which is unclear. Despite a lot of attention from taxonomists in the 19th and early 20th century, a proper revision of the genus has been hindered by complex host associations, the loss of most relevant type material, and the lack of a thorough comparative study of all life stages. The present revision integrated morphological, molecular, and life-history data to clearly define species boundaries within Ozirhincus, and delimit host-plant ranges for each of them. A phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial COI and 16S genes confirmed the validity of four distinct species but did not resolve the relationships among them. All species are oligophages, and some may occur together on the same host plant. Species with wider host-plant ranges have wider European and circum-Mediterranean distribution ranges, whereas species with narrower host ranges are limited to Europe and the Russian Far East. As part of the present work, O. hungaricus is reinstated from synonymy, O. tanaceti is synonymized under O. longicollis, neotypes are designated for O. longicollis and O. millefolii, and a lectotype is designated for O. anthemidis.

The North American gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of hackberries (Cannabaceae: Celtis spp.)
By Raymond J. Gagné and John C. Moser
The American Entomological Society, 2013
Full citation:
Gagné, Raymond J. and John C. Moser. 2013. The North American gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of hackberries (Cannabaceae: Celtis spp.). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 49:1-103. (PDF)

Key to Adults of North American Genera of the Subfamily Cecidomyiinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
By Raymond J. Gagne
Zootaxa, 2018
Link to abstract here:
https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/view/22775

"Keys to the subfamilies of Cecidomyiidae and to the 150 genera of Cecidomyiinae known to occur in North America are presented. Information is given within the key for each of the genera on distribution, number of species and habits. Patterns of general distribution for the subfamily are discussed. A glossary to anatomical terms is included".

The wood midges (Diptera: Lestremiidae) of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
By John Plakidas
Loyalfield, 2017
Abstract: The wood midges (Diptera: Lestremiidae) from Allegheny County Pennsylvania, USA are presented. Thirty eight species in twenty three genera have been recorded. A detailed larval, pupal and adult diagnosis is also provided for the first time which supports the monophyly of the Lestremiidae (Diptera). One new genus and species, Cratotocha ampliata gn. n. et sp. n. and two additional new species Polyardis carinata sp. n. and Excerscentia alleghenyensis sp. n.. are also described and illustrated. The systematic model for the Lestremiidae includes three subfamilies: Catotrichinae, Lestremiinae, and Micromyinae. Separate keys to the genera for larvae and adults are also included. These keys incorporate newly discovered taxa from North America including extralimital genera.

The spruce shoot gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): Piceacecis, a new genus for a non-native pest of Norway spruce from Europ
By Gagne, R.J., Graney, L.
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 116(4):378-393, 2015
Abstract here

Additions to the Gall Midge Fauna of New England
By Felt, Ephraim Porter
Psyche: Journal of Entomology: vol. 21, 109-114, 1914
Download PDH here

The gall midges of California [Diptera: Itonididae (Cecidomyiidae)]
By Pritchard A.E.
Bull. Calif. Insect Survey 2: 125-150, 1953

The larvae of the gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae): comparative morphology, biology, keys
By B.M. Mamaev & N.P. Krivosheina
Rev. ed. Rotterdam: Balkema. 293 pp., 1993
Translated from the 1965 Russian original version by J.H. Wieffering, edited by J.C. Roskam.
Full text; review

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