Explanation of Names
Greek amblys (αμβλυς)- "dull, blunt" + pyge (πυγη)- "rump"
This refers to the lack of any tail as in some other related arachnids. (
AAS)
However, all species have small tail segments that functions in molting, so they are actually without a flagellum, not without a tail, so "flagellumless whipscorpion" would be more appropriate.
Numbers
5 families, 150 species worldwide.
(1)(2)(3)Identification
Spiderlike
Large, powerful and spiny raptorial pedipalps are used for capturing prey. Unlike scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and whipscorpions the two tarsal segments at the end of the pedipalp do not form an opposable claw or pincer.
Wide prosoma (cephalothorax)
Flattenned overall appearance
No spinnerets
First pair of legs are very long and whiplike and function like antennae
Eight eyes
Range
Chiefly in the Southern states. Arizona, Texas (Big Bend Region), and Florida.
Habitat
Nocturnal
Under bark, stones, in leaf litter and in caves
Food
Insects and other arthropods
(1)Life Cycle
Males construct a spermatophore which the female picks up with her genitalia. The mother broods the eggs in a specialized broodsac firmly attached to the opisthosomal sternites and held in place by clawlike sclerites below the genital operculum. This period lasts three to four months and includes the transformation to postembryo inside the broodsac. The eggs are never exposed to air and is functionally similar to live bearing. After hatching, the first instars climb on to the mother's back and are carried around until the molt to second instar which is approximately ten days.
(1)(6)Remarks
No venom glands
(7), and do not sting or bite
(1). If disturbed, they scuttle sideways
(2).
Internet References
Amblypygi resources page from the International Society of Arachnology
Photo gallery from the American Arachnological Society