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Family Coccidae - Soft Scale Insects

Pupae (?) on Styrax japonica trees - Pulvinaria scale on bur oak twig Pulvinaria? on Viburnum dentatum - female Weird Green Things Stuck on Tree Branches - Ceroplastes Scale insect Scale Toumeyella parvicornis - female Pulvinaria sp.? - Pulvinaria
Classification
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Subphylum Hexapoda (Hexapods)
Class Insecta (Insects)
Order Hemiptera (True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies)
Suborder Sternorrhyncha (Plant-parasitic Hemipterans)
Superfamily Coccoidea (Scales and Mealybugs)
Family Coccidae (Soft Scale Insects)
Other Common Names
Soft Scales, Wax Scales, Tortoise Scales
Explanation of Names
Coccidae Fallén 1814
Numbers
110 spp. in 30 genera in our area, ~1,200 spp. in 180 genera worldwide(1)
Identification
Flattened elongate oval with a hard smooth exoskeleton, or covered with wax. Legs present or absent. Antennae can be reduced or absent. Males winged or wingless.
Print References
(2)
Internet References
Works Cited
1.ScaleNet
2.The Soft Scale Insects of Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)
Avas B. Hamon and Michael L. Williams. 1984. Florid Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry.
3.Miller D., Rung A., Parikh G., Venable G., Redford A.J., Evans G.A., Gill R.J. (2014) Scale Insects, 2nd ed.